1. Basic process

 

Along with the rapid development of modern industry, especially the chemical industry, there are many kinds of rubber products, but the production process is basically the same. The product is made of general solid rubber, and its production process mainly includes:

The basic processes of raw material preparation → mastication → kneading → molding → vulcanization, of course, basic processes such as finished product finishing and inspection and packaging are also indispensable.

 

2. Raw material preparation
 

The main materials of rubber products are raw rubber, compounding agent, fiber material and metal material. Raw rubber is the basic material; compounding agent is auxiliary material added to improve certain properties of rubber products; fiber material (cotton, hemp, wool and various rayon, synthetic fiber) and metal fiber (steel wire, copper wire) It is used as a skeleton material for rubber products to enhance mechanical strength and limit product deformation. In the raw material preparation process, the ingredients must be weighed accurately according to the formula.

The raw rubber should be softened in a glass reactor at 60-70 ° C and then cut, and the paraffin, stearic acid, rosin, etc. in the compounding agent should be crushed. If powdery contains mechanical impurities or coarse particles, it is necessary to screen and remove liquid such as pine tar. Gumaron needs heating, melting, evaporating water, and filtering impurities. If the compounding agent is to be dried, it will be easy to agglomerate and if it is not dispersed during mixing. Air bubbles generated during uniform vulcanization can affect product quality.

 

3. Mastication
 

Raw rubber is elastic and lacks the plasticity properties necessary for processing, so it is not easy to process. In order to improve the plasticity, the raw rubber is masticated, so that the compounding agent is easily dispersed uniformly in the raw rubber during the kneading, and also helps to improve the permeability of the rubber into the fiber fabric during the calendering and molding process. And molding fluidity. The process of degrading the long-chain molecules of raw rubber to form plasticity is called mastication.

There are two kinds of plasticizing methods for raw rubber: mechanical mastication and thermoplastic refining. Here, we mainly introduce thermoplastic refining. Thermoplasticing is to put the raw rubber into the glass reactor. By heating the glass reactor, the temperature inside the kettle is raised, and then the compressed air is degraded by long-chain molecules under the action of heat and oxygen to obtain plasticity.

 

 

4. Mixing
 

In order to adapt to various conditions of use, to obtain various properties, and to improve the performance of rubber articles and to reduce costs, it is necessary to add different compounding agents to the raw rubber. Mixing is a process in which the raw rubber after mastication is mixed with a compounding agent and placed in a glass reactor of F-50L by mechanical mixing to completely and uniformly disperse the compounding agent in the raw rubber. Mixing is an important process in the production of rubber products. If the mixing is not uniform, the effects of rubber and compounding agents can not be fully exerted. The compound obtained after mixing is called rubber compound. It is a semi-finished material for manufacturing various rubber products. It is commonly known as rubber compound. It is usually sold as a commodity. The rubber product can be directly processed and vulcanized by the rubber. . Depending on the recipe, the mixes are available in a range of different grades and varieties.

 

5. Forming
 

In the production process of rubber products, a variety of different shapes and sizes of processes are prepared in advance by using a calender or an extruder. The molding methods are:

Calendering: Suitable for the manufacture of simple sheet and plate products. It is a method of pressing a rubber compound into a certain shape and a certain size by a calender, which is called calender molding.

 

Extrusion molding: used for more complex rubber products, such as tire tread, hose, wire surface coating, which needs to be manufactured by extrusion molding. It is a method of putting a certain plasticity into a hopper of an extruder under the extrusion of a screw through a variety of mouth shapes, also called a template.

 

Model molding: used for more complex rubber products, such as tire tread, hose, wire surface coating, which needs to be manufactured by extrusion molding. It is a method of putting a certain plasticity into a hopper of an extruder under the extrusion of a screw through a variety of mouth shapes, also called a template.

 

6. Sulfuration
 

Since the glass reactor is capable of completing the sulfurization reaction, it is better to use a glass reactor to complete the most important step in the rubber production process.

The process of converting plastic rubber into elastic rubber is called vulcanization. It is to add a certain amount of vulcanizing agent such as sulfur, vulcanization accelerator, etc. to a semi-finished product made of raw rubber, and heat and heat the temperature at a predetermined temperature in a vulcanization tank. The linear molecules of the raw rubber crosslink each other by forming a "sulfur bridge" to form a network structure of the body, so that the plastic compound becomes a vulcanizate having high elasticity. Since the cross-linking bond is mainly composed of sulfur, it is called "vulcanization". The vulcanized elastic rubber is called vulcanized rubber, which is also called soft rubber. Vulcanization is one of the most important processes in rubber processing. Various rubber products must be vulcanized to achieve the desired performance. Unvulcanized rubber has no use value in use, but the degree of sulfur vulcanization is not enough. The vulcanization time is not enough to achieve the best condition and the sulfur vulcanization time is exceeded, and the performance is significantly degraded, which causes the rubber performance to decrease. Therefore, the vulcanization time must be strictly controlled during the production process to ensure that the vulcanized rubber product has the best performance and the longest service life.